Bhutan
Best time: Mar to May, Sep to Nov
Bhutan, the Land of the Thunder Dragon, is a Buddhist kingdom high in the Himalaya, unified four centuries ago and still deeply attached to its traditions. Paro, home to the cliffside Tiger's Nest monastery, and Thimphu are where most journeys begin. Punakha Dzong sits where two rivers meet, the Phobjikha Valley near Gangtey welcomes black-necked cranes from mid-November to February, and Bumthang and Trongsa hold festivals and valleys of their own. Food is built on red rice, yak and cow cheese, buckwheat and a great many chillies. Spring and autumn bring the clearest skies.
Cambodia
Best time: Nov to Feb
Cambodia was the heart of the Khmer empire, and Siem Reap is the base for Angkor Wat, one of the most famous temples in the world, and Angkor Thom. The Tonle Sap, Chong Kneas, Kampong Chhnang and Battambang show life on the water and in the countryside, and Phnom Penh brings the capital. The Koh Rong Archipelago offers island time at the end. The climate is tropical, with a rainy season from June to October, a cool, dry season from November to February and a hot spell from March to May.
China
China blends ancient history and modern cities like few other countries. Beijing and the Great Wall, Xi'an and the high-rises of Shanghai make the classic first journey, and Hangzhou is a gentler counterpoint. Beyond them lie the Yangtze River and Chongqing, Chengdu, Guilin and Yangshuo, Zhangjiajie, and Kunming, Dali, Lijiang and Shangri-La. Lhasa and Shigatse lead into Tibet, and Dunhuang goes further still. Each region could fill a journey of its own.
Georgia
Georgia runs from Black Sea beaches to the peaks of the Caucasus, and in about 70,000 square kilometres it holds almost every kind of climate, from humid subtropical to permanent snow. Tbilisi is the obvious base. Kakheti and the Alazani Valley mix subtropical and steppe climates, Batumi brings the Black Sea, and Kutaisi, Borjomi and Gori fill out a journey. In the mountains, Racha has long winters and short summers, and Svaneti is humid and green.
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is known first as a city, yet a short ferry ride takes you to a quieter world of islands. Ferries reach Cheung Chau, known for its May Bun Festival and street snacks, Lamma with its seafood and family trail, Peng Chau, Po Toi and Tap Mun. On Lantau, the fishing village of Tai O keeps its old shacks and its Mid-Autumn lanterns. Sharp Island, Yim Tin Tsai and Tung Ping Chau show old salt-making traditions and unusual rock formations.
India
Best time: Dec to Apr; the hills in summer
India is a whole world in one country, organised by its tourism board into six regions. Delhi, Agra and Jaipur make the classic introduction, and Rajasthan continues to Udaipur, Jodhpur, Jaisalmer and the tigers of Ranthambore. Varanasi is the great spiritual city, and Kolkata and Mumbai are big, absorbing places. Kerala has its backwaters, tea estates, Kochi and Kumarakom, and Madurai, Mysore and Goa add more of the south. Leh, Manali and Shimla lead into the Himalaya. Yoga and Ayurveda are rooted here.
Indonesia
Indonesia is a chain of some 17,000 islands, and it was made for exploring. Bali, with Ubud, is the familiar start. On Java, Borobudur, built between AD 780 and 840, is the largest Buddhist monument in the world, with Yogyakarta close by. Komodo National Park, a World Heritage Site, holds the Komodo dragon, with Labuan Bajo on Flores close by, and Lombok, Moyo and Satonda add more islands. Misool, Sorong and Ambon go further afield, and Lake Toba in North Sumatra is the largest lake in Southeast Asia.
Japan
Best time: Mar to May, late Sep to early Dec
Japan runs from snowy Hokkaido to subtropical Okinawa, and 70 per cent of it is forest and mountain. Tokyo and Kyoto are the two poles of most first journeys, with Osaka, Hiroshima, Nagasaki and Kanazawa close behind, and Hakone and Beppu for slower days. Cherry blossom moves from south to north between March and May, the autumn leaves run from late September into early December, and winter brings deep powder snow to the north. Summer is very hot and humid, with typhoons possible in August and September.
Laos
Laos is among the least changed countries in Asia, and it values living in the moment over a busy schedule. Luang Prabang, a World Heritage Site, is the place most people begin, with the Pak Ou Caves, the Kuang Si Falls and Pak Beng on the Mekong. Vang Vieng has limestone peaks and cliffs above the Nam Song River, Vientiane is the cosmopolitan capital, and Champasak and Pakse lead to the river islands of the south. Phongsaly, high in the north, has a cool, fresh climate, and Bokeo has more than 30 ethnic groups.
Malaysia
Best time: Apr to Aug
Malaysia offers street food and rainforest in equal measure. Kuala Lumpur, George Town on Penang, Malacca and Ipoh give the cities and their cooking, the Cameron Highlands bring cool air and strawberries in May, and Langkawi and the Perhentian Islands give beaches. On Borneo, Sabah offers Kota Kinabalu, the orangutans of Sepilok, the Kinabatangan River and Danum Valley, and its diving is known around the world, and Mount Kinabalu is climbed from April to August. Kuching and Mulu National Park add further range.
Maldives
Best time: Nov to Apr
The Maldives is a nation of 1,192 islands strung over 871 kilometres of the Indian Ocean, across the equator. Most visitors fly into Male and continue by speedboat or seaplane to a resort island in atolls such as Baa, Ari, Raa, Noonu, Laamu or Huvadhu, while liveaboard boats and guesthouses on local islands offer other ways to stay. The climate is hot and tropical all year, between about 26 and 31 degrees, with the north east monsoon from November to April generally sunny and the south west monsoon from May to October bringing rain.
Mongolia
Mongolia is wide, open and rugged, and its nomadic culture is the heart of a visit. Ulaanbaatar is the starting point, with Terelj and Khustain Nuruu national parks close by. The Gobi holds Khongoryn Els, Bayanzag and the Gurvansaikhan mountains, and Karakorum, Lake Khövsgöl, Khovd, Ölgii and the Eastern Steppes reach further. Riding, road journeys, birding, festivals, temples and time with nomadic communities fill the days, and the cooking offers dishes found nowhere else.
Nepal
Best time: Mar to May, Oct to Nov
Nepal rises from the hot plains of the south to the Himalaya, and the temperature drops about six degrees with every 1,000 metres climbed. The Kathmandu Valley, with Bhaktapur and Patan, holds its temples and squares, Pokhara leads on to Jomsom, Muktinath and Manang, and the trail from Lukla through Namche Bazaar, Tengboche and Gorakshep climbs into the high mountains. Chitwan National Park lies in the south. Spring brings rhododendrons, and October and November the clearest skies.
Philippines
Best time: Nov to May
The Philippines are made up of more than 7,600 islands, many of them ringed by reefs. Palawan holds the lagoons of El Nido, the wartime wrecks of Coron and the Underground River, a World Heritage Site, with Puerto Princesa as a base. Bohol, Cebu, Siargao with its surf, and Batanes add further island choices, and Banaue and Sagada are known for hikes among rice terraces. Divers come for reefs, wrecks and thresher sharks. The dry season runs from November to May, and typhoons peak from August to October.
Singapore
Singapore is a small island nation where skyscrapers, gardens and hawker stalls share the same streets, and where Asian and European influences meet. Marina Bay and Gardens by the Bay show its modern face, while Chinatown, Little India and Kampong Glam hold its older neighbourhoods and much of its food. Sentosa offers a change of pace. The public transport is fast and easy, and the city works well as a short stay at the start or end of a journey in the region.
South Korea
Best time: Mar to May, Sep to Nov
South Korea, the Land of the Morning Calm, moves from misty mountains to neon-lit cities. Seoul is the place to begin, and Busan, Gyeongju, Andong and Jeonju carry the history and food of the regions. Jeju Island, with Seogwipo, Gangneung and Odaesan National Park add coast, forest and mountain. The four seasons are distinct: spring and autumn are mild and clear, summer is hot and humid with more than 270 beaches open, and winter brings snowy mountains and hot springs.
Sri Lanka
Best time: Dec to Apr for the south and west; May to Sep for the east
Sri Lanka packs ancient cities, hill country, wildlife and beaches into one island. Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa, Sigiriya and Dambulla are the ancient cities, Kandy and Nuwara Eliya lead into the hill country, and Yala and Udawalawe offer safari. Galle, Mirissa, Weligama and Tangalle are on the coast, and Trincomalee, Arugam Bay and Jaffna are in the dry zone. Two monsoons mean that one coast is usually at its finest while the other is wet.
Taiwan
Best time: Sep to Nov
Taiwan is a leaf-shaped island with high mountains, nine national parks and 13 national scenic areas. Taipei is the starting point, and Taroko Gorge, Hualien, Sun Moon Lake and Alishan show its landscapes. Tainan, Kaohsiung and Taitung complete a loop of the island, and Kenting, in the far south, has summer all year. Wildlife includes the Formosan black bear and the blue magpie. Spring brings drizzle, summer can bring typhoons, and autumn, from September to November, is cool and settled.
Thailand
Thailand is known for jungle retreats, tropical resorts and its cooking. Bangkok is the way in, with Ayutthaya, Sukhothai and Kanchanaburi for history, and Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Lampang and Pai in the north. For the coast and islands there are Phuket, Khao Lak, Krabi, Koh Yao, Koh Samui, Hua Hin, Koh Kood and Trang. The year divides into a wet season of about six months, three cool, dry months and three hot ones.
Vietnam
Best time: Mar to May
Vietnam stretches a long way from north to south, and each part has its own weather and character. Hanoi, Ha Long Bay and the rice terraces of Sapa make up the north, Hue, Hoi An and Da Nang the centre, and Ho Chi Minh City, the Mekong Delta and Phu Quoc the south. Street food, traditional crafts, caves such as Son Doong and beaches give plenty of choice. March to May is the most settled time countrywide, Ha Long Bay is clearest from April to June and September to November, and Sapa is lovely in late April and early October.